American Philosophical Society Museum

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Dialogues with Darwin: An Exhibition of Historical Documents and Contemporary Art

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Darwin, Vegetable Mould

This image of a small tower formed by earthworm excrement appeared in Darwin’s last published book, which was about worms. While such a subject seems far removed from his work on the geology of South America or the origin of human emotions, it was—and still is—highly praised. It confirmed a principle fundamental to all of Darwin’s work, including his theory of evolution—the power of small changes to cumulatively produce an entire planet full of diverse living forms, or, in Darwin’s own words, “small agencies and their accumulated effects.”

Charles Darwin (1809–1882). Formation of Vegetable Mould. London: John Murray, 1881.

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